2000 International Residential Code

Published by: ICBO ISBN: 1-892395-17-7 578 Pages, 8-1/2 x 11, Shipping Weight: 2.80 lbs. For One- & Two-Family Dwellings Replacing the CABO One- and Two-Family Dwelling Code, this book has the latest technological advances in building design and construction. Among the changes are provisions for steel framing and energy savings. Also contains mechanical, fuel gas and plumbing provisions that coordinate with the International Mechanical Code and International Plumbing Code. Table of Contents Part I - Administration 1 Chapter 1 Administration 1 R101 Title, Scope and Purpose, 1 R102 Applicability, 1 R103 Department of Building Safety, 1 R104 Duties and Powers of the Building Official, 1 R105 Permits, 2 R106 Construction Documents, 4 R107 Temporary Structures and Uses, 5 R108 Fees, 5 R109 Inspections, 5 R110 Certificate of Occupancy, 6 R111 Service Utilities, 7 R112 Board of Appeals, 7 R113 Violations, 7 R114 Stop Work Order, 8 Part II - Definitions 9 Chapter 2 Definitions 9 R201 General, 9 R202 Definitions, 9 Part III - Building Planning and Construction21 Chapter 3 Building Planning 21 R301 Design Criteria, 21 R302 Location on Lot, 42 R303 Light, Ventilation and Heating, 42 R304 Minimum Room Areas, 43 R305 Ceiling Height, 43 R306 Sanitation, 43 R307 Toilet, Bath and Shower Spaces, 44 R308 Glazing, 45 R309 Garages and Carports, 46 R310 Emergency Escape and Rescue Openings, 47 R311 Exits, 47 R312 Landings, 47 R313 Ramps, 48 R314 Stairways, 48 R315 Handrails, 49 R316 Guards, 49 R317 Smoke Alarms, 49 R318 Foam Plastic, 50 R319 Flame Spread and Smoke Density, 50 R320 Insulation, 50 R321 Dwelling Unit Separation, 51 R322 Moisture Vapor Retarders, 52 R323 Protection Against Decay, 52 R324 Protection Against Termites, 53 R325 Site Address, 54 R326 Accessibility, 54 R327 Flood-resistant Construction 54 Chapter 4 Foundations 57 R401 General, 57 R402 Materials, 57 R403 Footings, 58 R404 Foundation Walls, 66 R405 Foundation Drainage, 76 R406 Foundation Waterproofing and Dampproofing, 76 R407 Columns, 78 R408 Under-floor Space, 78 Chapter 5 Floors 79 R501 General, 79 R502 Wood Floor Framing, 79 R503 Floor Sheathing, 86 R504 Pressure Preservatively Treated-wood Floors (On Ground), 88 R505 Steel Floor Framing 88 R506 Concrete Floors (On Ground) 101 Chapter 6 Wall Construction 103 R601 General, 103 R602 Wood Wall Framing, 103 R603 Steel Wall Framing, 122 R604 Wood Structural Panels, 165 R605 Particleboard, 165 R606 General Masonry Construction, 165 R607 Unit Masonry, 173 R608 Multiple Wythe Masonry, 175 R609 Grouted Masonry, 175 R610 Glass Unit Masonry, 177 R611 Insulating Concrete Form Wall Construction, 179 R612 Conventionally Formed Concrete Wall Construction, 198 R613 Exterior Windows and Glass Doors, 198 Chapter 7 wall covering 201 R701 General, 201 R702 Interior Covering, 201 R703 Exterior Covering, 204 Chapter 8 roof-ceiling construction 213 R801 General, 213 R802 Wood Roof Framing, 213 R803 Roof Sheathing, 237 R804 Steel Roof Framing, 237 R805 Ceiling Finishes, 248 R806 Roof Ventilation, 249 R807 Attic Access, 249 R808 Insulation Clearance, 249 Chapter 9 Roof Assemblies 251 R901 General 251 R902 Roof Classification, 251 R903 Weather Protection, 251 R904 Materials, 251 R905 Requirements for Roof Coverings, 252 R906 Roof Insulation, 259 R907 Reroofing, 259 Chapter 10 Chimneys and Fireplaces 261 R1001 Masonry Chimneys, 261 R1002 Factory-built Chimneys, 265 R1003 Masonry Fireplaces, 265 R1004 Factory-built Fireplaces, 269 R1005 Exterior Air Supply, 269 Part IV - Energy Conservation 271 Chapter 11 Energy Efficiency 271 N1101 General, 271 N1102 Building Envelope, 281 N1103 Mechanical Systems, 284 N1104 Service Water Heating, 284 Part V - Mechanical 287 Chapter 12 Mechanical Administration 287 M1201 General, 287 M1202 Existing Mechanical Systems 287 Chapter 13 General Mechanical System Requirements 289 M1301 General, 289 M1302 Approval, 289 M1303 Labeling of Appliances, 289 M1304 Type of Fuel, 289 M1305 Appliance Access, 289 M1306 Clearances from Combustible Construction, 290 M1307 Appliance Installation, 290 M1308 Mechanical Systems Installation, 291 Chapter 14 Heating and Cooling Equipment 295 M1401 General, 295 M1402 Central Furnaces, 295 M1403 Heat Pump Equipment, 295 M1404 Refrigeration Cooling Equipment, 295 M1405 Baseboard Convectors, 295 M1406 Radiant Heating Systems, 295 M1407 Duct Heaters, 296 M1408 Vented Floor Furnaces, 296 M1409 Vented Wall Furnaces, 296 M1410 Vented Room Heaters, 297 M1411 Refrigeration Cooling Equipment, 297 M1412 Absorption Cooling Equipment, 297 M1413 Evaporative Cooling Equipment, 298 M1414 Fireplace Stoves, 298 Chapter 15 Exhaust Systems 299 M1501 Clothes Dryers Exhaust, 299 M1502 Range Hoods, 299 M1503 Installation of Microwave Ovens, 299 M1504 Overhead Exhaust Hoods, 299 M1505 Exhaust Ducts, 299 Chapter 16 Duct Systems 301 M1601 Duct Construction, 301 M1602 Return Air, 303 M1603 Supply Air, 303 Chapter 17 Combustion Air 305 M1701 General, 305 M1702 All Air form in side the Building, 305 M1703 All Air from Outdoors, 305 Chapter 18 Chimneys and Events 315 M1801 General, 315 M1802 Vent Components, 315 M1803 Chimney and Vent Connectors, 316 M1804 Vents, 317 M1805 Masonry and Factory-built Chimneys, 317 Chapter 19 Special Fuel-Burning Equipment 319 M1901 Ranges and Ovens, 319 M1902 Sauna Heaters, 319 Chapter 20 Boilers/water Heaters 321 M2001 Boilers, 321 M2002 Operating and Safety Controls, 321 M2003 Expansion Tanks, 321 M2004 Water Heaters Used for Space Heating, 321 M2005 Water Heaters, 322 M2006 Pool Heaters, 322 Chapter 21 Hydronic Piping 323 M2101 Hydronic Piping Systems Installation, 323 M2102 Baseboard Convectors, 323 M2103 Floor Heating Systems, 323 M2104 Low Temperature Piping, 323 M2105 Ground Source Heat Pump System Loop Piping, 324 Chapter 22 Special Piping and Storage Systems 327 M2201 Oil Tanks, 327 M2202 Oil Piping, Fitting and Connections, 327 M2203 Installation, 327 M2204 Oil Pumps and Valves, 328 Chapter 23 Solar Systems 329 M2301 Solar Energy Systems, 329 Part VI - Fuel Gas 331 Chapter 24 Fuel Gas 331 G2401 General, 331 G2402 General, 331 G2403 General Definitions, 331 G2404 General, 336 G2405 Structural Safety, 337 G2406 Appliance Location, 337 G2407 Combustion, Ventilation and Dilution Air, 337 G2408 Installation, 341 G2409 Clearance Reduction, 341 G2410 Electrical, 344 G2411 General, 344 G2412 Pipe Sizing, 345 G2413 Piping Materials, 347 G2414 Piping System Installation, 349 G2415 Piping Bends and Changes in Direction, 350 G2416 Inspection, Testing and Purging, 350 G2417 Piping Support, 352 G2418 Drips and Sloped Piping, 352 G2419 Gas Shutoff Valves, 352 G2420 Flow Controls, 352 G2421 Appliance Connections, 353 G2422 CNG Gas-dispensing Systems, 353 G2423 Piping Support Intervals 353 G2424 General 353 G2425 Vents, 355 G2426 Venting of Equipment, 355 G2427 Sizing of Category I Appliance Venting Systems, 364 G2428 Direct-vent, Integral Vent, Mechanical Vent and Ventilation/Exhaust Hood Venting, 373 G2429 Factory-built Chimneys, 373 G2430 General, 373 G2431 Decorative Appliances for Installation in Fireplaces, 374 G2432 Log Lighters, 374 G2433 Vented Decorative Appliances, 374 G2434 Vented Wall Furnaces, 374 G2435 Floor Furnaces, 374 G2436 Clothes Dryers, 375 G2437 Clothes Dryer Exhaust, 375 G2438 Sauna Heaters, 375 G2439 Pool and Spa Heaters, 376 G2440 Forced-air Warm-air Furnaces, 376 G2441 Conversion Burners, 377 G2442 Unit Heaters, 377 G2443 Unvented Room Heaters, 377 G2444 Vented Room Heaters, 377 G2445 Cooking Appliances, 377 G2446 Water Heaters, 378 G2447 Air Conditioning Equipment 378 G2448 Illuminating Appliances, 378 G2449 Infrared Radiant Heaters, 378 G2450 Boilers, 378 G2451 Chimney Damper Opening Area, 379 Part VII - Plumbing 381 Chapter 25 Plumbing Administration 381 P2501 General, 381 P2502 Existing Plumbing Systems, 381 P2503 Inspection and Tests, 381 Chapter 26 General Plumbing Requirements 383 P2601 General, 383 P2602 Individual Water Supply and Sewage Disposal, 383 P2603 Structural and Piping Protection, 383 P2604 Trenching and Backfilling, 383 P2605 Support, 384 P2606 Waterproofing of Openings, 384 P2607 Workmanship, 384 P2608 Materials Evaluation and Listing, 384 Chapter 27 Plumbing Fixtures 387 P2701 Fixtures, Faucets and Fixture Fittings, 387 P2702 Fixture Accessories, 387 P2703 Tail Pieces, 387 P2704 Access to Connections, 387 P2705 Installation, 387 P2706 Waste Receptors, 387 P2707 Directional Fittings 388 P2708 Showers, 388 P2709 Shower Receptors, 389 P2710 Shower Walls, 389 P2711 Lavatories, 389 P2712 Water Closets, 389 P2713 Bathtubs, 390 P2714 Sinks, 390 P2715 Laundry Tubs, 390 P2716 Food-waste Grinder, 390 P2717 Dishwashing Machines, 390 P2718 Clothes Washing Machine, 390 P2719 Floor Drains, 390 P2720 Whirlpool Bathtubs, 390 P2721 Bidet Installations, 391 P2722 Fixture Fitting 391 P2723 Macerating Toilet Systems, 391 Chapter 28 Water Heaters 393 P2801 General, 393 P2802 Water Heaters Used for Space Heating, 393 P2803 Relief Valves, 393 Chapter 29 Water Supply and Distribution 395 P2901 General, 395 P2902 Protection of Potable Water Supply, 395 P2903 Water-supply System, 396 P2904 Materials, Joints and Connections, 401 P2905 Changes in Direction, 403 P2906 Support, 403 P2907 Drinking Water Treatment Units, 403 Chapter 30 Sanitary Drainage 405 P3001 General, 405 P3002 Materials, 405 P3003 Joints and Connections, 405 P3004 Determining Drainage Fixture Units, 408 P3005 Drainage System, 408 P3006 Sizing of Drain Pipe Offsets, 411 P3007 Sumps and Ejectors, 411 P3008 Backwater Valves, 411 Chapter 31 Vents 413 P3001 Vent Systems, 413 P3102 Vent Stacks and Stack Vents, 413 P3103 Vent Terminals, 413 P3104 Vent Connections and Grades, 413 P3105 Fixture Vents, 414 P3106 Individual Vent, 414 P3107 Common Vent, 415 P3108 Wet Venting, 415 P3109 Waste Stack Vent, 415 P3110 Circuit Venting, 415 P3111 Combination Waste and Vent System, 416 P3112 Island Fixture Venting, 416 P3113 Vent Pipe Sizing, 416 P3114 Air Admittance Valves, 417 Chapter 32 Traps 425 P3201 Fixture Traps, 425 Part VIII - Electrical 427 Chapter 33 General Requirements 427 E3301 General, 427 E3302 Building Structure Protection, 427 E3303 Inspection and Approval, 427 E3304 General Equipment Requirements, 427 E3305 Equipment Location and Clearances, 428 E3306 Electrical Conductors and Connections, 430 E3307 Conductor and Terminal Identification, 430 Chapter 34 Electrical Definitions 433 E3401 General, 433 Chapter 35 Services 437 E3501 General Services, 437 E3502 Service Size and Rating, 437 E3503 Service, Feeder and Grounding Electrode Conductor Sizing, 438 E3504 Overhead Service-drop and Service Conductor Installation, 439 E3505 Service-entrance Conductors, 441 E3506 Service Equipment--General, 442 E3507 System Grounding, 442 E3508 Grounding Electrode System, 442 E3509 Bonding, 443 E3510 Grounding Electrode Conductors, 444 E3511 Grounding Electrode Conductor Connection to the Grounding Electrodes, 444 Chapter 36 Branch Circuit and Feeder Requirements, 447 E3601 General, 447 E3602 Branch Circuit Ratings, 447 E3603 Required Branch Circuits, 448 E3604 Feeder Requirements, 449 E3605 Conductor Sizing and Overcurrent Protection, 450 E3606 Panelboards, 452 Chapter 37 Wiring Methods 453 E3701 General Requirements, 453 E3702 Above-ground Installation Requirements, 453 E3703 Underground Installation Requirements, 453 Chapter 38 Power and Lighting Distribution 459 E3801 Receptacle Outlets, 459 E3802 Ground-fault and Arc-fault Circuit-interrupter Protection, 461 E3803 Lighting Outlets, 461 E3804 General Installation Requirements, 461 E3805 Boxes, Conduit Bodies and Fittings, 462 E3806 Installation of Boxes, Conduit Bodies and Fittings, 474 E3807 Cabinets and Panelboards, 476 E3808 Grounding, 476 E3809 Flexible Cords, 478 Chapter 39 Devices and Lighting Fixtures 479 E3901 Switches, 479 E3902 Receptacles, 479 E3903 Fixtures, 480 E3904 Fixture Installation, 482 E3905 Track Lighting, 482 Chapter 40 Appliance Installation 483 E4001 General, 483 Chapter 41 Swimming Pools 485 E4101 General, 485 E4102 Wiring Methods for Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs and Hydromassage Bathtubs, 485 E4103 Equipment Location and Clearances, 486 E4104 Bonding, 488 E4105 Grounding, 489 E4106 Equipment Installation, 490 E4107 Storable Swimming Pools, 492 E4108 Spas and Hot Tubs, 492 E4109 Hydromassage Bathtubs, 493 Chapter 42 Class 2 Remote-Control, Signaling and Power-Limited Circuits 495 E4201 General, 495 E4202 Power Sources, 495 E4203 Wiring Methods, 495 E4204 Installation Requirements, 496 Part IX - Referenced Standards 497 Chapter 43 Referenced Standards 497 Part X - Appendices 511 Appendix A Sizing and Capacities of Gas Piping 511 Appendix B Sizing of Venting Systems Serving Appliances Equipped With Draft Hoods, Category I Appliances, and Appliances Listed For Use and Type B Vents 515 Appendix C Exit Terminals Of Mechanical Draft And Direct-Vent Venting Systems 525 Appendix D Recommended Procedure For Safety Inspection Of An Existing Appliance Installation 527 Appendix E Manufactured Housing Used As Dwellings 529 AE101 Scope, 529 AE102 Application to Existing Manufactured Homes and Building Service Equipment, 529 AE201 Definitions, 530 AE301 Permits, 530 AE302 Application for Permit, 530 AE303 Permits Issuance, 531 AE304 Fees, 531 AE305 Inspections, 532 AE306 Special Inspections, 533 AE307 Utility Service, 533 AE401 Occupancy Classification, 533 AE402 Location on Property, 533 AE501 Design, 533 AE502 Foundation Systems, 534 AE503 Skirting and Perimeter Enclosures, 534 AE504 Structural Additions, 534 AE505 Building Service Equipment, 534 AE506 Exits, 534 AE507 Occupancy, Firesafety and Energy Conservation Standards, 535 AE600 Special Requirements for Foundation Systems, 535 AE601 Footings and Foundations, 535 AE602 Pier Construction, 535 AE603 Height of Piers, 535 AE604 Anchorage Installations, 535 AE605 Ties, Materials and Installation, 536 Appendix F Radon Control Methods 537 AF101 Scope, 537 AF102 Definitions, 537 AF103 Requirements, 537 Appendix G Swimming Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs 545 AG101 General, 545 AG102 Definitions, 545 AG103 Swimming Pools, 545 AG104 Spas and Hot Tubs, 545 AG105 Barrier Requirements, 545 AG106 Abbreviations, 546 AG107 Standards, 546 Appendix H Patio Covers 547 AH101 General, 547 AH102 Definition, 547 AH103 Permitted Uses, 547 AH104 Design Loads, 547 AH105 Light and Ventilation/Emergency Egress, 547 AH106 Footings, 547 Appendix I Private Sewage Disposal 549 A1101 General, 549 Appendix J Existing Buildings and Structures 551 AJ101 Purpose and Intent 551 AJ102 Compliance, 551 AJ103 Preliminary Meeting, 551 AJ104 Evaluation of an Existing Building, 551 AJ105 Permit, 552 AJ201 Definitions, 552 AJ301 Repairs, 552 AJ401 Renovations, 553 AJ501 Alterations, 553 AJ601 Reconstruction, 554 Appendix K Sound Transmission 555 AK101 General, 555 AK102 Airborne Sound, 555 AK103 Structural-borne Sound, 55 Index 557 Part I - Administrative Chapter 1 Administration Section R101 Title, Scope And Purpose R101.1 Title. These provisions shall be known as the Residential Code for One- and Two-Family Dwellings of [NAME OF JURISDICTION], and shall be cited as such and will be referred to herein as "this code." R101.2 Scope. The provisions of the International Residential Code for One- and Two-Family Dwellings shall apply to the construction, alteration, movement, enlargement, replacement, repair, equipment, use and occupancy, location, removal and demolition of detached one- and two-family dwellings and multiple single-family dwellings (townhouses) not more than three stories in height with a separate means of egress and their accessory structures. R101.3 Purpose. The purpose of this code is to provide minimum requirements to safeguard life or limb, health and public welfare. Section R102 Applicability R102.1 General. Where, in any specific case, different sections of this code specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern. Where there is a conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall be applicable. R102.2 Other laws. The provisions of this code shall not be deemed to nullify any provisions of local, state or federal law. R102.3 Application of references. References to chapter or section numbers, or to provisions not specifically identified by number, shall be construed to refer to such chapter, section or provision of this code. R102.4 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be considered part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference. Where differences occur between provisions of this code and referenced codes and standards, the provisions of this code shall apply. Exception: Where enforcement of a code provision would violate the conditions of the listing of the equipment or appliance, the conditions of the listing and manufacturer's instructions shall apply. R102.5 Appendices. Provisions in the appendices shall not apply unless specifically referenced in the adopting ordinance. R102.6 Partial invalidity. In the event any part or provision of this code is held to be illegal or void, this shall not have the affect of making void or illegal any of the other parts or provisions. R102.7 Existing structures. The legal occupancy of any structure existing on the date of adoption of this code shall be permitted to continue without change, except as is specifically covered in this code, the International Property Maintenance Code or the International Fire Code, or as is deemed necessary by the building official for the general safety and welfare of the occupants and the public. R102.7.1 Additions, alterations or repairs. Additions, alterations or repairs to any structure shall conform to that required for a new structure without requiring the existing structure to comply with all of the requirements of this code, unless otherwise stated. Additions, alterations or repairs shall not cause an existing structure to become unsafe or adversely affect the performance of the building. Section R103 Department of Building Safety R103.1 Creation of enforcement agency. The department of building safety is hereby created and the official in charge thereof shall be known as the building official. R103.2 Appointment. The building official shall be appointed the chief appointing authority of the jurisdiction. R103.3 Deputies. In accordance with the prescribed procedures of this jurisdiction and with the concurrence of the appointing authority, the building official shall have the authority to appoint a deputy building official, the related technical officers, inspectors, plan examiners and other employees. Such employees shall have powers as delegated by the building official. Section R104 Duties and Powers of the Building Official R104.1 General. The building official is hereby authorized and directed to enforce the provisions of this code. The building official shall have the authority to render interpretations of this code and to adopt policies and procedures in order to clarify the application of its provisions. Such interpretations, policies and procedures shall be in conformance with the intent and purpose of this code. Such policies and procedures shall not have the ,effect of waiving requirements specifically provided for in this code. R104.2 Applications and permits. The building official shall receive applications, review construction documents and issue permits for the erection and alteration of buildings and structures, inspect the premises for which such permits have been issued and enforce compliance with the provisions of this code. R104.3 Notices and orders. The building official shall issue all necessary notices or orders to ensure compliance with this code. R104.4 Inspections. The building official is authorized to make all of the required inspections, or the building official shall have the authority to accept reports of inspection by approved agencies or individuals. Reports of such inspections shall be in writing and be certified by a responsible officer of such approved agency or by the responsible individual. The building official is authorized to engage such expert opinion as deemed necessary to report upon unusual technical issues that arise, subject to the approval of the appointing authority. R104.5 Identification. The building official shall carry proper identification when inspecting structures or premises in the performance of duties under this code. R104.6 Right of entry. Where it is necessary to make an inspection to enforce the provisions of this code, or where the building official has reasonable cause to believe that there exists in a structure or upon a premises a condition which is contrary to or in violation of this code which makes the structure or premises unsafe, dangerous or hazardous, the building official or designee is authorized to enter the structure or premises at reasonable times to inspect or to perform the duties imposed by this code, provided that if such structure or premises be occupied that credentials be presented to the occupant and entry requested. If such structure or premises be unoccupied, the building official shall first make a reasonable effort to locate the owner or other person having charge or control of the structure or premises and request entry. If entry is refused, the building official shall have recourse to the remedies provided by law to secure entry. R104.7 Department records. The building official shall keep official records of applications received, permits and certificates issued, fees collected, reports of inspections, and notices and orders issued. Such records shall be retained in the official records for the period required for the retention of public records. R104.8 Liability. The building official, member of the board of appeals or employee charged with the enforcement of this code, while acting for the jurisdiction in good faith and without malice in the discharge of the duties required by this code or other pertinent law or ordinance, shall not thereby be rendered liable personally and is hereby relieved from personal liability for any damage accruing to persons or property as a result of any act or by reason of an act or omission in the discharge of official duties. Any suit instituted against an officer or employee because of an act performed by that officer or employee in the lawful discharge of duties and under the provisions of this code shall be defended by legal representative of the jurisdiction until the final termination of the proceedings. The building official or any subordinate shall not be liable for cost in any action, suit or proceeding that is instituted in pursuance of the provisions of this code. R104.9 Approved materials and equipment. Materials, equipment and devices approved by the building official shall be constructed and installed in accordance with such approval. R104.9.1 Used materials and equipment. Used materials, equipment and devices shall not be reused unless approved by the building official. R104.10 Modifications. Wherever there are practical difficulties involved in carrying out the provisions of this code, the building official shall have the authority to grant modifications for individual cases, provided the building official shall first find that special individual reason makes the strict letter of this code impractical and the modification is in compliance with the intent and purpose of this code and that such modification does not lessen health, life and fire safety requirements or structural. The details of action granting modifications shall be recorded and entered in the files of the department of building safety. R104.10.1 Areas prone to flooding. The building official shall not grant modifications to any provision related to areas prone to flooding as established by Table R301.2(l) without the granting of a variance to such provisions by the board of appeals. R104.11 Alternative materials, design and methods of construction and equipment. The provisions of this code are not intended to prevent the installation of any material or to prohibit any design or method of construction not specifically prescribed by this code, provided that any such alternative has been approved. An alternative material, design or method of construction shall be approved where the building official finds that the proposed design is satisfactory and complies with the intent of the provisions of this code, and that the material, method or work offered is, for the purpose intended, at least the equivalent of that prescribed in this code. Compliance with the specific performance-based provisions of the International Code Council (ICC) codes in lieu of specific requirements of this code shall also be permitted as an alternate. R104.11.1 Tests. Whenever there is insufficient evidence of compliance with the provisions of this code, or evidence that a material or method does not conform to the requirements of this code, or in order to substantiate claims for alternative materials or methods, the building official shall have the authority to require tests as evidence of compliance to be made at no expense to the jurisdiction. Test methods shall be as specified in this code or by other recognized test standards. In the absence of recognized and accepted test methods, the building official shall approve the testing procedures. Tests shall be performed by an approved agency. Reports of such tests shall be retained by the building official for the period required for retention of public records. Section R105 Permits R105.1 Required. Any owner or authorized agent who intends to construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move, demolish, or change the occupancy of a building or structure, or to erect, install, enlarge, alter, repair, remove, convert or replace any electrical, gas, mechanical or plumbing system, the installation of which is regulated by this code, or to cause any such work to be done, shall first make application to the building official and obtain the required permit. R105.2 Work exempt from permit. Permits shall not be required for the following. Exemption from the permit requirements of this code shall not be deemed to grant authorization for any work to be done in any manner in violation of the provisions of this code or any other laws or ordinances of this jurisdiction. Building: One-story detached accessory structures, provided the floor area does not exceed 200 square feet (18.58 m^2). Fences not over 6 feet (1829 mm) high. Retaining walls that are not over 4 feet (1219 mm) in height measured from the bottom of the footing to the top of the wall, unless supporting a surcharge. Water tanks supported directly upon grade if the capacity does not exceed 5,000 gallons (18927 L) and the ratio of height to diameter or width does not exceed 2 to 1. Sidewalks and driveways not more than 30 inches (762 mm) above adjacent grade and not over any basement or story below. Painting, papering, tiling, carpeting, cabinets, counter tops and similar finish work. Prefabricated swimming pools that are less than 24 inches (610 mm) deep. Swings and other playground equipment accessory to a one- or two-family dwelling. Window awnings supported by an exterior wall. Electrical: Repairs and maintenance: A permit shall not be required for minor repair work, including the replacement of lamps or the connection of approved portable electrical equipment to approved permanently installed receptacles. Gas: Portable heating, cooking or clothes drying appliances. Replacement of any minor part that does not alter approval of equipment or make such equipment unsafe. Mechanical: Portable heating appliance. Portable ventilation appliances. Portable cooling unit. Steam, hot or chilled water piping within any heating or cooling equipment regulated by this code. Replacement of any minor part that does not alter approval of equipment or make such equipment unsafe. Portable evaporative cooler. Self-contained refrigeration systems containing 10 pounds (4.54 kg) or less of refrigerant or that are actuated by motors of 1 horsepower (746 W) or less. Plumbing: The stopping of leaks in drains, water, soil, waste or vent pipe; provided, however, that if any concealed trap, drainpipe, water, soil, waste or vent pipe becomes defective and it becomes necessary to remove and replace the same with new material, such work shall be considered as new work and a permit shall be obtained and inspection made as provided in this code. The clearing of stoppages or the repairing of leaks in pipes, valves or fixtures, and the removal and reinstallation of water closets, provided such repairs do not involve or require the replacement or rearrangement of valves, pipes or fixtures. R105.2.1 Emergency repairs. Where equipment replacements and repairs must be performed in an emergency situation, the permit application shall be submitted within the next working business day to the building official. R105.2.2 Repairs. Application or notice to the building official is not required for ordinary repairs to structures, replacement of lamps or the connection of approved portable electrical equipment to approved permanently installed receptacles. Such repairs shall not include the cutting away of any wall, partition or portion thereof, the removal or cutting of any structural beam or load bearing support, or the removal or change of any required means of egress, or rearrangement of parts of a structure affecting the egress requirements; nor shall ordinary repairs include addition to, alteration of, replacement or relocation of any, water supply, sewer, drainage, drain leader, gas, soil, waste, vent or similar piping, electric wiring or mechanical or other work affecting public health or general safety. R105.2.3 Public service agencies. A permit shall not be required for the installation, alteration or repair of generation, transmission, distribution, metering or other related equipment that is under the ownership and control of public service agencies by established right. R105.3 Application for permit. To obtain a permit, the applicant shall first file an application therefor in writing on a form furnished by the department of building safety for that purpose. Such application shall: Identify and describe the work to be covered by the permit for which application is made. Describe the land on which the proposed work is to be done by legal description, street address or similar description that will readily identify and definitely locate the proposed building or work. Indicate the use and occupancy for which the proposed work is intended. Be accompanied by construction documents and other information as required in Section R106.1. State the valuation of the proposed work. Be signed by the applicant, or the applicant's authorized agent. Give such other data and information as required by the building official. R105.3.1 Action on application. The building official shall examine or cause to be examined applications for permits and amendments thereto within a reasonable time after filing. If the application or the construction documents do not conform to the requirements of pertinent laws, the building official shall reject such application in writing, stating the reasons therefor. If the building official is satisfied that the proposed work conforms to the requirements of this code and laws and ordinances applicable thereto, the building official shall issue a permit therefor as soon as practicable. R105.3.1.1 Substantially improved or substantially damaged existing buildings and structures. For applications for reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, or other improvement of existing buildings or structures located in an area prone to flooding as established by Table R301.2(l), the building official shall examine or cause to be examined the construction documents and shall prepare a finding with regard to the value of the proposed work. For buildings that have sustained damage of any origin, the value of the proposed work shall include the cost to repair the building or structure to its predamage condition. If the building official finds that the value of proposed work equals or exceeds 50 percent of the market value of the building or structure, the finding shall be provided to the board of appeals for a determination of substantial improvement or substantial damage. Applications determined by the board of appeals to constitute substantial improvement or substantial damage shall meet the requirements of Section R327. R105.3.2 Time limitation of application. An application for a permit for any proposed work shall be deemed to have been abandoned 180 days after the date of filing, unless such application has been pursued in good faith or a permit has been issued; except that the building official is authorized to grant one or more extensions of time for additional periods not exceeding 180 days each. The extension shall be requested in writing and justifiable cause demonstrated. R105.4 Validity of permit. The issuance or granting of a permit shall not be construed to be a permit for, or an approval of, any violation of any of the provisions of this code or of any other ordinance of the jurisdiction. Permits presuming to give authority to violate or cancel the provisions of this code or other ordinances of the jurisdiction shall not be valid. The issuance of a permit based on construction documents and other data shall not prevent the building official from requiring the correction of errors in the construction documents and other data. The building official is also authorized to prevent occupancy or use of a structure where in violation of this code or of any other ordinances of this jurisdiction. R105.5 Expiration. Every permit issued shall become invalid unless the work authorized by such permit is commenced within 180 days after its issuance, or if the work authorized by such permit is suspended or abandoned for a period of 180 days after the time the work is commenced. The building official is authorized to grant, in writing, one or more extensions of time, for periods not more than 180 days each. The extension shall be requested in writing and justifiable cause demonstrated. R105.6 Suspension or revocation. The building official is authorized to suspend or revoke a permit issued under the provisions of this code wherever the permit is issued in error or on the basis of incorrect, inaccurate or incomplete information, or in violation of any ordinance or regulation or any of the provisions of this code. R105.7 Placement of permit. The building permit or copy thereof shall be kept on the site of the work until the completion of the project. R105.8 Responsibility. It shall be the duty of every person who performs work for the installation or repair of building, structure, electrical, gas, mechanical or plumbing systems, for which this code is applicable, to comply with this code. Section R106 Construction Documents R106.1 Submittal documents. Construction documents, special inspection and structural observation programs, and other data shall be submitted in one or more sets with each application for a permit. The construction documents shall be prepared by a registered design professional where required by the statutes of the jurisdiction in which the project is to be constructed. Where special conditions exist, the building official is authorized to require additional construction documents to be prepared by a registered design professional. Exception: The building official is authorized to waive the submission of construction documents and other data not required to be prepared by a registered design professional if it is found that the nature of the work applied for is such that reviewing of construction documents is not necessary to obtain compliance with this code. R106.1.1 Information on construction documents. Construction documents shall be drawn upon suitable material. Electronic media documents are permitted to be submitted when approved by the building official. Construction documents shall be of sufficient clarity to indicate the location, nature and extent of the work proposed and show in detail that it will conform to the provisions of this code and relevant laws, ordinances, rules and regulations, as determined by the building official. R106.1.2 Manufacturer's installation instructions. Manufacturer's installation instructions, as required by this code, shall be available on the job site at the time of inspection. R106.1.3 Information for construction in areas prone to flooding. For buildings and structures in flood hazard areas as established by Table R301.2(1), construction documents shall include: Delineation of flood hazard areas, floodway boundaries, and flood zones, and the design flood elevation, as appropriate; The elevation of the proposed lowest floor, including basement; in areas of shallow flooding (AO zones), the height of the proposed lowest floor, including basement, above the highest adjacent grade; and If design flood elevations are not included on the community's Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM), the building official and the applicant shall obtain and reasonably utilize any design flood elevation and floodway data available from other sources. R106.2 Site plan. The construction documents submitted with the application for permit shall be accompanied by a site plan showing the size and location of new construction and existing structures on the site and distances from lot lines. In the case of demolition, the site plan shall show construction to be demolished and the location and size of existing structures and construction that are to remain on the site or plot. R106.3 Examination of documents. The building official shall examine or cause to be examined the accompanying construction documents and shall ascertain by such examinations whether the construction indicated and described is in accordance with the requirements of this code and other pertinent laws or ordinances. R106.3.1 Approval of construction documents. When the building official issues a permit, the construction documents shall be approved in writing or by stamp. One set of construction documents so reviewed shall be retained by the building official. The other set shall be returned to the applicant, shall be kept at the site of work and shall be open to inspection by the building official or his or her authorized representative. R106.3.2 Previous approvals. This code shall not require changes in the construction documents, construction or designated occupancy of a structure for which a lawful permit has been heretofore issued or otherwise lawfully authorized, and the construction of which has been pursued in good faith within 180 days after the effective date of this code and has not been abandoned. R106.3.3 Phased approval. The building official is authorized to issue a permit for the construction of foundations or any other part of a building or structure before the construction documents for the whole building or structure have been submitted, provided that adequate information and detailed statements have been filed complying with pertinent requirements of this code. The holder of such permit for the foundation or other parts of a building or structure shall proceed at the holder's own risk with the building operation and without assurance that a permit for the entire structure will be granted. R106.4 Amended construction documents. Work shall be installed in accordance with the reviewed construction documents, and any changes made during construction that are not in compliance with the approved construction documents shall be resubmitted for approval as an amended set of construction documents. R106.5 Retention of construction documents. One set of approved construction documents shall be retained by the building official for a period of not less than 180 days from date of completion of the permitted work, or as required by state or local laws. Section R107 Temporary Structures and Uses R107.1 General. The building official is authorized to issue a permit for temporary structures and temporary uses. Such permits shall be limited as to time of service, but shall not be permitted for more than 180 days. The building official is authorized to grant extensions for demonstrated cause. R107.2 Conformance. Temporary structures and uses shall conform to the structural strength, fire safety, means of egress, light, ventilation and sanitary requirements of this code as necessary to ensure the public health, safety and general welfare. R107.3 Temporary power. The building official is authorized to give permission to temporarily supply and use power in part of an electric installation before such installation has been fully completed and the final certificate of completion has been issued. The part covered by the temporary certificate shall comply with the requirements specified for temporary lighting, heat or power in the ICC Electrical Code. R107.4 Termination of approval. The building official is authorized to terminate such permit for a temporary structure or use and to order the temporary structure or use to be discontinued. Section R108 Fees R108.1 Payment of fees. A permit shall not be valid until the fees prescribed by law have been paid. Nor shall an amendment to a permit be released until the additional fee, if any, has been paid. R108.2 Schedule of permit fees. On buildings, structures, electrical, gas, mechanical, and plumbing systems or alterations requiring a permit, a fee for each permit shall be paid as required, in accordance with the schedule as established by the applicable governing authority. R108.3 Building permit valuations. Building permit valuation shall include total value of the work for which a permit is being issued, such as electrical, gas, mechanical, plumbing equipment and other permanent systems, including materials and labor. R108.4 Related fees. The payment of the fee for the construction, alteration, removal or demolition for work done in connection with or concurrently with the work authorized by a building permit shall not relieve the applicant or holder of the permit from the payment of other fees that are prescribed by law. R108.5 Refunds. The building official is authorized to establish a refund policy. Section R109 Inspections R109.1 Types of inspections. For on-site construction, from time to time the building official, upon notification from the permit holder or his agent, shall make or cause to be made any necessary inspections and shall either approve that portion of the construction as completed or shall notify the permit holder or his or her agent wherein the same fails to comply with this code. R109.1.1 Foundation inspection. Inspection of the foundation shall be made after poles or piers are set or trenches or basement areas are excavated and any required forms erected and any required reinforcing steel is in place and prior to the placing of concrete. The foundation inspection shall include excavations for thickened slabs intended for the support of bearing walls, partitions, structural supports, or equipment and special requirements for wood foundations. R109.1.2 Plumbing, mechanical, gas and electrical systems inspection. Rough inspection of plumbing, mechanical, gas and electrical systems shall be made prior to covering or concealment, before fixtures or appliances are set or installed, and prior to framing inspection. Exception: Ground-source heat pump loop systems tested in accordance with Section M2105.1 shall be permitted to be backfilled prior to inspection. R109.1.3 Floodplain inspections. For construction permitted in areas prone to flooding as established by Table R301.2(1), upon placement of the lowest floor, including basement, and prior to further vertical construction, the building official shall require submission of a certification, prepared by a registered professional engineer or land surveyor, of the elevation of the lowest floor, including basement, required in Section R327. R109.1.4 Frame and masonry inspection. Inspection of framing and masonry construction shall be made after the roof, masonry, all framing, firestopping, draftstopping and bracing are in place and after the plumbing, mechanical and electrical rough inspections are approved. R109.1.5 Other inspections. In addition to the called inspections above, the building department may make or require any other inspections to ascertain compliance with this code and other laws enforced by the building department. R109.1.5.1 Fire-resistance-rated construction inspection. Where fire-resistance-rated construction is required between dwelling units or due to location on property, the building official shall require an inspection of such construction after all lathing and/or wallboard is in place, but before any plaster is applied, or before wallboard joints and fasteners are taped and finished. R109.1.6 Final inspection. Final inspection shall be made after the permitted work is complete and prior to occupancy. R109.2 Inspection agencies. The building official is authorized to accept reports of approved agencies, provided such agencies satisfy the requirements as to qualifications and reliability. R109.3 Inspection requests. It shall be the duty of the person doing the work authorized by a permit to notify the building official that such work is ready for inspection. It shall be the duty of the person requesting any inspections required by this code to provide access to and means for inspection of such work. R109.4 Approval required. Work shall not be done beyond the point indicated in each successive inspection without first obtaining the approval of the building official. The building official upon notification, shall make the requested inspections and shall either indicate the portion of the construction that is satisfactory as completed, or shall notify the permit holder or an agent of the permit holder wherein the same fails to comply with this code. Any portions that do not comply shall be corrected and such portion shall not be covered or concealed until authorized by the building official. Section R110 Certificate of Occupancy R110.1 Use and occupancy. No building or structure shall be used or occupied, and no change in the existing occupancy classification of a building or structure or portion thereof shall be made until the building official has issued a certificate of occupancy therefore as provided herein. Issuance of a certificate of occupancy shall not be construed as an approval of a violation of the provisions of this code or of other ordinances of the jurisdiction. Certificates presuming to give authority to violate or cancel the provisions of this code or other ordinances of the jurisdiction shall not be valid. R110.2 Change in use. Changes in the character or use of an existing structure shall not be made except as specified in Sections 3405 and 3406 of the International Building Code. R110.3 Certificate issued. After the building official inspects the building or structure and finds no violations of the provisions of this code or other laws that are enforced by the department of building safety, the building official shall issue a certificate of occupancy which shall contain the following: The building permit number. The address of the structure. The name and address of the owner. A description of that portion of the structure for which the certificate is issued. A statement that the described portion of the structure has been inspected for compliance with the requirements of this code. The name of the building official. The edition of the code under which the permit was issued. If an automatic sprinkler system is provided. Any special stipulations and conditions of the building permit. R110.4 Temporary occupancy. The building official is authorized to issue a temporary certificate of occupancy before the completion of the entire work covered by the permit, provided that such portion or portions shall be occupied safely. The building official shall set a time period during which the temporary certificate of occupancy is valid. R110.5 Revocation. The building official shall, in writing, suspend or revoke a certificate of occupancy issued under the provisions of this code wherever the certificate is issued in error, or on the basis of incorrect information supplied, or where it is determined that the building or structure or portion thereof is in violation of any ordinance or regulation or any of the provisions of this code. Section R111 Service Utilities R111.1 Connection of service utilities. No person shall make connections from a utility, source of energy, fuel or power to any building or system that is regulated by this code for which a permit is required, until approved by the building official. R111.2 Temporary connection. The building official shall have the authority to authorize and approve the temporary connection of the building or system to the utility source of energy, fuel or power. R111.3 Authority to disconnect service utilities. The building official shall have the authority to authorize disconnection of utility service to the building, structure or system regulated by this code and the referenced codes and standards set forth in Section R 102.4 in case of emergency where necessary to eliminate an immediate hazard to life or property or when such utility connection has been made without the approval required by Section R111.1 or R111.2. The building official shall notify the serving utility and whenever possible the owner and occupant of the building, structure or service system of the decision to disconnect prior to taking such action if not notified prior to disconnection. The owner or occupant of the building, structure or service system shall be notified in writing as soon as practical thereafter. Section R112 Board of Appeals R112.1 General. In order to hear and decide appeals of orders, decisions or determinations made by the building official relative to the application and interpretation of this code, there shall be and is hereby created a board of appeals. The building official shall be an ex officio member of said board but shall have no vote on any matter before the board. The board of appeals shall be appointed by the governing body and shall hold office at its pleasure. The board shall adopt rules of procedure for conducting its business, and shall render all decisions and findings in writing to the appellant with a duplicate copy to the building official. R112.2 Limitations on authority. An application for appeal shall be based on a claim that the true intent of this code or the rules legally adopted thereunder have been incorrectly interpreted, the provisions of this code do not fully apply, or an equally good or better form of construction is proposed. The board shall have no authority to waive requirements of this code. R112.2.1 Determination of substantial improvement in areas prone to flooding. When the building official provides a finding required in Section R105.3.1.1, the board of appeals shall determine whether the value of the proposed work constitutes a substantial improvement. A substantial improvement means any repair, reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, or improvement of a building or structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds 50 percent of the market value of the building or structure before the improvement or repair is started. If the building or structure has sustained substantial damage, all repairs are considered substantial improvement regardless of the actual repair work performed. The term does not include: Improvements of a building or structure required to correct existing health, sanitary or safety code violations identified by the building official and which are the minimum necessary to assure safe living conditions. Any alteration of an historic building or structure provided that the alteration will not preclude the continued designation as an historic building or structure. R112.2.2 Criteria for issuance of a variance for areas prone to flooding. A variance shall only be issued upon: A showing of good and sufficient cause that the unique characteristics of the size, configuration or topography of the site render the elevation standards in Section R327 inappropriate. A determination that failure to grant the variance would result in exceptional hardship by rendering the lot undevelopable. A determination that the granting of a variance will not result in increased flood heights, additional threats to public safety, extraordinary public expense, nor create nuisances, cause fraud on or victimization of the public, or conflict with existing local laws or ordinances. A determination that the variance is the minimum necessary to afford relief, considering the flood hazard. Submission to the applicant of written notice specifying the difference between the design flood elevation and the elevation to which the building is to be built, stating that the cost of flood insurance will be commensurate with the increased risk resulting from the reduced floor elevation, and stating that construction below the design flood elevation increases risks to life and property. R112.3 Qualifications. The board of appeals shall consist of members who are qualified by experience and training to pass on matters pertaining to building construction and are not employees of the jurisdiction. R112.4 Administration. The building official shall take immediate action in accordance with the decision of the board. Section R113 Violations R113.1 Unlawful acts. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to erect, construct, alter, extend, repair, move, remove, demolish or occupy any building, structure or equipment regulated by this code, or cause same to be done, in conflict with or in violation of any of the provisions of this code. R113.2 Notice of violation. The building official is authorized to serve a notice of violation or order on the person responsible for the erection, construction, alteration, extension, repair, moving, removal, demolition or occupancy of a building or structure in violation of the provisions of this code, or in violation of a detail statement or a plan approved thereunder, or in violation of a permit or certificate issued under the provisions of this code. Such order shall direct the discontinuance of the illegal action or condition and the abatement of the violation. R113.3 Prosecution of violation. If the notice of violation is not complied with promptly, the building official is authorized to request the legal counsel of the jurisdiction to institute the appropriate proceeding at law or in equity to restrain, correct or abate such violation, or to require the removal or termination of the unlawful occupancy of the building or structure in violation of the provisions of this code or of the order or direction made pursuant thereto. R113.4 Violation penalties. Any person who violates a provision of this code or fails to comply with any of the requirements thereof or who erects, constructs, alters or repairs a building or structure in violation of the approved construction documents or directive of the building official, or of a permit or certificate issued under the provisions of this code, shall be subject to penalties as prescribed by law. Section R114 Stop Work Order R114.1 Notice to owner. Upon notice from the building official that work on any building or structure is being prosecuted contrary to the provisions of this code or in an unsafe and dangerous manner, such work shall be immediately stopped. The stop work order shall be in writing and shall be given to the owner of the property involved, or to the owner's agent, or to the person doing the work; and shall state the conditions under which work will be permitted to resume. R114.2 Unlawful continuance. Any person who shall continue any work in or about the structure after having been served with a stop work order, except such work as that person is directed to perform to remove a violation or unsafe condition, shall be subject to penalties as prescribed by law. Introduction Internationally, code officials recognize the need for a modern, up-to-date residential construction code addressing the design and construction of one- and two-family dwellings and townhouses. The International Residential Code for One- and Two-Family Dwellings is designed to meet these needs through model code regulations that safeguard the public health and safety and consider dwelling affordability in all communities, large and small. This comprehensive, stand-alone residential construction code, which incorporates approved changes from the 1999 code development cycle, establishes minimum regulations for one- and two-family dwellings and townhouses using prescriptive provisions. Additionally, the International Residential Code is designed to be compatible with the BOCA National Codes published by Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA), the Standard Codes published by the Southern Building Code Congress International (SBCCI), the Uniform Codes published by the International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO), and all the International Codes published by the International Code Council (ICC). The International Residential Code provides many benefits, among which is the model code development process that offers an international forum for construction professionals to discuss these prescriptive code requirements. This forum provides an excellent arena to debate proposed revisions. This model code also encourages international consistency in the application of provisions. Development On April 22, 1996, the ICC Board of Directors established the ICC/NAHB Task Force, charged with the examination of performance options of the CABO One and Two Family Dwelling Code. The Board further stated that the "purpose is to identify the issues (including the process of code development after 1998) and develop an action plan to resolve the issues." Subsequently, the ICC/NAHB Task Force recommended to the ICC Board that the "ICC develop and maintain a stand-alone residential co Customer Reviews Write an online review and share your thoughts with other viewers!